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Can The Workplace Teach Experience? Print E-mail
Nation - Workplace
TS-Si News Service   
Sunday, 24 August 2008 16:30
Teaching Experience
TS-Si Workplace
St. Paul, MN, USA. Job creation once again is dominating talk in statehouses as governors propose sweeping plans to jumpstart state economies. The proposals often illustrate the philosophical differences between the two parti...

Indianapolis, IN, USA. Is it fair to require workers to pay union fees? That’s the polarizing issue this winter at the state Capitol in Indianapolis. Republicans believe, based on the input of site selection experts, that ...

Washington, DC, USA. The most controversial state issue of 2011 — the fight over collective bargaining and other rights for public-sector employees — isn’t going away in 2012. It took nearly a year for Dale Klein...

Stuttgart, Germany. Consider this: a luminous ceiling that extends across the entire room simulates lighting conditions which resemble those produced by passing clouds — conveying the impression that you are sitting outd...

New York, NY, USA. Nearly every state has cut public pension benefits for new workers in the last three years, with an emphasis on reducing the money the states will owe to employees when they retire. Now, some state and loc...

Swindon, United Kingdom. Work is promoted as the best route to personal well-being, with unemployment driving low income and social exclusion, but working uncommon hours also can have implications for opportunities to engage ...

New York, NY, USA. Registered nurses (RNs) belong to one of least mobile professions, with serious implications for access to health care for people in rural areas. Researchers say this lack of geographic mobility means that...

Providence, RI, USA. Michael Downey, a plumber at the University of Rhode Island and the president of this state’s largest public employee union, considers Republican Governor Scott Walker of Wisconsin the face of the anti-...

New York, NY, USA. Gender differences in overconfidence concerning individual past performance explains a significant proportion of the lack of female leadership in organizations. A study found that while discrimination can ...

Waco, TX, USA. Having an abusive boss not only causes problems at work but can lead to strained relationships at home, since the stress and tension can the employee's partner. It affects the marital relationship and subsequen...
Minnetonka, MN, USA. The notion of experience can be problematic to us as individuals. Broadly stated, we participate in events or activities that permit the accumulation of knowledge or skill. At worst, our memories of prior opinions are applied uncritically to new situations. But at its best, the possession of experience can inform creative problem solving.
 
Can we pass on experience to others in a way that prevents the inevitable mistakes and dead-ends that accompany our progress through life.
  • Many of us who have parented children know that kids can run too fast for the situation and wind up with bruised knees, which can lead to more nuanced decisions in the future. The experience gained includes knowing when to know better.
     
  • Sometimes, a potential mishap can be so dangerous that we impose an outright ban — do not put your finger in the electrical socket! — to prevent serious injury. Further understanding of the experience transfer must wait for the absorption of additional knowledge to make sense of the situation.
The good and bad of our individual ability to acquire and disseminate experience can find their way into collective behavior. Many veterans of business operations claim you cannot teach experience. Just consider how many job applicants face Human Resource (HR) departments that impose extensive — and often conflicting — criteria on the applicant that demand certain experiences for what otherwise might be easily aquirable skills (based on processes learned in prior experiences).
 
Learning change from collective experience
 
At an even higher level, the interaction of organizations depends on the collective behavior of separate groups with differing aggegations of skills and experience. However, researchers report in ICT Results that you can learn from the experience of others to improve decision making. [N1]
 
A research team has developed software that helps players acquire real-life skills and realistic experiences through game playing. The interactive software has caught the imagination of world-class business colleges in the USA and elsewhere, prompting enormous interest in leading corporations. The game, called ChangeMasters®, promises "Rapid change with pragmatic results" and represents an emerging shift in business education, based on realistic computer games. [N2,4]
 
Albert A. Angehrn is a Professor of Information Systems and Entrepreneurship and the Director of INSEAD’s Centre for Advanced Learning Technologies (CALT).Colleges and companies believe it gives students real-world skills through experience, which "… is the best and simplest way to learn anything … that is why it is so valued in the business world,” explains Professor Albert A. Angehrn. [N3] 
 
ChangeMasters focused on change management, one of the most important elements of modern business.
 
Change is essential to responding to dynamic markets, consumers, competitors and innovation, and change is one of the most important themes in corporation history.
 
Protectionism was replaced by globalization, in-house departments to outsourcing, functional to process-oriented organisation. Change is constant. Even housekeeping tasks, like moving to new computer systems, or daily business activities like new product development require changes to the way an organization works.
 
Serious executive games
 
Sponsors of the new product claim that an indivdual can use gaming software to become a master in the martial art of business. But change is hard, rarely goes smoothly and often courts disaster. The idea gere is to make the process easier by equipping executives with real-life skills and realistic project management experience using a serious game in an attempt to achieve real-world results through videogame technology.
 
Teaching ExperienceThe game contains hundreds of parameters to define the corporation, its people and the project. “It defines the corporation’s character and culture, formal and informal networks, all the elements that compose the dynamics of an organisation,” says Angehrn.
 
It attempts an accurate representation of Asian, Latin American, and Western cultural attitudes. Angehrn notes that “In China, for example, etiquette and attitudes are very different, so a successful strategy in Europe might fail in China. ChangeMasters can reflect these cultural differences.”
 
It also uses the informal aspects of corporate life. Informal networks, like the water cooler or coffee room, the psychological attitude of individuals, like openness or resistance to change, and even the status of individuals within the organisation.
 
“Some people have enormous influence in a corporation or department through their reputation, or their informal networks of co-workers.” Typically, teams of managers work together to play a game for 90 minutes. “It is not aimed at individuals,” says Angehrn, “And we recommend that it is run as a seminar, with a large number of staff forming teams to run through the change scenario, but some companies, like Ikea, run the game in small workshops.”
 
Compulsion has limits
 
The game allows teams to employ theory through various strategies, including compulsion, but each strategy chosen affects other parameters that can blow up later. “Compulsion is not very effective,” warns Angehrn, “Because it can increase resistance.” Just like in real life.
 
Afterwards, the game players are debriefed on their strategy and the lessons of the exercise are driven home.
 

Nobody wins …

The game is very difficult. “Nobody wins, nobody manages a painless project. I think this is the way it should be, it should be challenging and it should reflect real life. It tests the limits of managers’ confidence. The idea is for people to learn lessons and acquire new skills before carrying out a task in a realistic scenario,” Angehrn explains.
 
But for all its difficulty, the game is not insincere. “People wouldn’t play the game, or would complain about it loudly if they thought it was ‘fixed’,” reveals Angehrn. In fact the opposite is the case, and players rave about the impact of learning sessions, commenting that it has changed their way of approaching a project. They say it gives them new tools, and a new understanding of the issues involved in change management.
 
Not a Second Life
 
The game does not look like many modern games. “We initially produced an interface like the online game, Second Life. It had a 3D, richly visual environment. But executives spent too much time exploring the environment rather than playing through the games,” he says.
 
Instead, the screen uses graphs, text and buttons to offer an overview of the game status, track emerging developments and offer players a choice of actions. The game incorporates the familiar tools of corporate communication, including newsletters, emails, memos, executive information systems (EIS) and formal networks like personnel in a specific department.
 
ChangeMasters refined the technical platform and launched offices throughout Europe under the brand AlphaExperiences. Initially, it is offering change management as the primary product, but the game engine itself could be adapted to other scenarios, like product development, and the partners will work on expanding that content.
 
Ultimately, however, the organizers have an even larger vision, where it will offer a channel for other high-quality business education software to one day, perhaps, become the Amazon of executive education.
 


[N1] According to ICT Results, ChangeMasters® project received co-funding from the eTen European Community Programme.

[N2] The simulations were based on work at INSEAD’s Centre for Advanced Learning Technologies (CALT).

[N3] Albert A. Angehrn is a Professor of Information Systems and Entrepreneurship and the CALT Director.

[N4] Among the organizations with a prominent committment include Fiat, Ikea, Lockheed Martin Space Systems, and the Scottish government. Among universities, the project inlcudes Cambridge, CEIBS (China), INSEAD, MIT, Stanford, and Yale.

 
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Last Updated on Sunday, 24 August 2008 18:11